The cows were housed, in one group, indoors, on matted cubicle beds dressed with ground limestone daily to maintain a dry bed.īefore sampling, swabs were moistened in sterile trypticase soy broth (TSB) (Merck Millipore, Ireland) to aid in the collection of bacteria from the teat skin before and after teat disinfectant application. The disinfectant products were suitable for both pre- and post-milking teat disinfection, with the exception of products 7 and 10, which were recommended for use only for post-milking disinfection.
#Supercow ingredients Activator#
All teat disinfectant products were ready-to-use (RTU) while one product (product 7) was mixed with an activator before use, according to manufacturer’s recommendations, and was considered a RTU product by the manufacturer. Ten disinfectant products (Table 1) were applied to the teats of 10 Holstein–Friesian cows. Before the disinfectant products were applied to cow’s teats, each product was tested using the BS EN 1656. To meet the requirements of this standard for teat disinfectants, the product must demonstrate at least a 10 5 log reduction (99.999% reduction) within 5 min against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC ® 6538™), Streptococcus uberis (ATCC ® 19436™) and Escherichia coli (ATCC ® 10536™). The BS EN 1656 is a European standard which is used to test chemical disinfectants used in the veterinary area against bacteria recommended by the standard. This study was approved by the Teagasc Animal Ethics Committee (ref. Whereas, this study will determine the impact of 10 pre- and post-milking teat disinfectant products, with different ingredients of varying concentration, on the reduction of teat skin bacterial load. Previous studies focused on evaluating pre-milking teat cleaning procedures. Teat swabbing has been used to determine the effect of pre-milking teat preparation treatments, enumerate and identify bacteria present on teat skin surface. Therefore, determining the efficacy of teat disinfectant products against bacteria naturally present on teat skin is important.
The removal of bacteria pre- and post-milking can lower the occurrence of new intramammary infections (IMI’s). High bacterial contamination may increase the chances of more bacteria entering the teat orifice and causing infection. The teat orifice is the first line of defence from the invasion of mastitis pathogens into the teat canal and mammary glands. Results from this study suggest that specific bacterial population loads on teats can be reduced using different teat disinfectant formulations. Whereas product 10, which contained 0.5% w/w iodine, resulted in the highest reduction in coliforms on teat skin with a reduction of 91%. Product 4 containing 0.6% w/w diamine was the most effective against bacterial populations of staphylococcal and streptococcal isolates on teat skin with a reduction of 90% and 94%, respectively. All of the teat disinfectant products tested reduced teat bacterial load for all three bacterial groups. The average bacterial reductions on teat skin were shown to be 76%, 73% and 60% for staphylococcal, streptococcal and coliform isolates, respectively. Staphylococcal isolates were the most prominent bacterial group recovered on teat swabs (49%), followed by streptococcal (36%) and coliform (15%) isolates before the application of disinfectant. Swab samples were placed on three different selective agars to enumerate bacterial counts of staphylococcal, streptococcal and coliforms isolates on teat skin. A composite swab sample was taken of the 4 teats of each cow before and after teat disinfectant application. One cow received one teat disinfectant product at each sampling point before cluster application for milking. Ten teat disinfectant products were applied to the teats of 10 Holstein–Friesian cows. The objective of this study was to compare the reduction in bacteria populations on teat skin after the application of different commercial teat disinfectant products.
The use of pre- and post-milking teat disinfectants can reduce teat bacterial load and aid in the collection of high-quality milk.
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